samedi 25 juillet 2009

Continents formation and Earth bulging

In a time of seismic activity would it not be interesting to have a solid theory about the formation of the Continents and the Bulging of planet Earth.

I have to begin with the Universe. Whatever the manner of Big Bang you prefer, there is a common point. That is that, once all the suns, planets, moons or comets were united in a single mass. The physics of how they expand eludes me, but eventually we got the galaxy as it is now.
Comets are future planets or moons. They are magnetic and hot. How can I say that? Once I saw on a short tv amateur movie of a comet going straight at Earth. Eventually it changes direction as following an invisible wall, then it continues beyond Earth path. For me it signifies magnet activity.

Between two comets, the smallest may be the heavier. The hotter it is, the smaller it is. So Earth's core when it was hotter was smaller.

Once a comet is trapped in an orbit, that orbit will become less elliptic as it lose heat. Eventually the comet, either as a planet or a moon, will crust.

The sun too will crust. Some see only sun as a mass of hydrogen. If such a quantity of Hydrogen are gathered in an empty and cold cosmos, it is because you have a mass at the center. The Sun has a core, and I will bet that if you compare the cores of planets and moons, the Sun core will be the smallest.

Eventually the Earth Core has begun to crust. How?

It is said that the Mantle near the Gutenberg discontinuity is liquid. Maybe the Core is enough hot to heat the lower Mantle but I say that the Core is emitting today lumps of matter (and gases). Those lumps of matter were emitted since the beginning by the Core when it was nude. They are of a known composition, they are the future Crust or Continents.
So we have a nude Core that started spitting lumps of matter. Eventually they lose heat enough to get back nearer the Core, forming a liquid layer of a solid solution about the Core. That spitting is still continuing nowadays, it is what permits the Bulging of planet Earth. You see the Continents are stable; they receive no new matter but at the Gutenberg discontinuity the Mantle is receiving a lot of matter.

The liquid layer had eventually divided according to densities. There is a problem here. Rocks are magnetized, isn't it. But when they were liquid they had no magnetism, I suppose. I don't think that even today the Earth's Core is rotating. Its magnetic field must be rotating and that is what will grip the magnetism of rocks and make the Crust rotating. So the Crust is rotating but not the Core. But what it was when the crust was liquid; was it rotating? Rotating or not, density is the principal factor of the subdivision that was in the liquid layer. Say that they divided in Sial and Sima, in honour of these ancient terms.

Sial stands for Si and Al, silicon and aluminium. Sima, silicon and Magnesium. Sure there is a lot of other metals but Al and Mg are the principal ones. Aluminium is less heavy than magnesium. From liquid to rock, there is a change of phase; that implies that once crystallization is done there is heat back in the system; so all the matter that has to crystallize at a certain temperature will do it, hence the formation of a megacontinent floating over a bed of Sima. There is a difference between water crystallization and rock formation. That is once crystallization has started, the concentrations of the remaining Sial changed while with water there is no variation.

Once the Megacontinent done, some parts will crystallize with the Sima, when Sima started to crystallize. Japan, East of Australia, that longitude, were tied to the Sima but the remaining of the Megacontinent were not. It split and had begun traveling for a while to be fixed on the sima later. Since continents were fixed on Sima and were plaques; the continents can't no more move, if something moves it is the plaques. The moving of the continents over the Sima will create the Mohorovic discontinuity; so it must be no moho under Japan and east of Australia.

The continents were fixed on the upper layer of Sima but the lower layer of Sima was still liquid and still is. And there is still new matter that is adding to the lower Mantle. It is said the bottom of the oceans are expanding (sea-floor spreading), so there is subduction elsewhere. These two new bands of that are forming on each side of the big crack (mid-atlantic ridge) are of the same layer of Sima that is crystallized all under the continents; that is the layer of Sima that is crystallized.

The Sima is receiving new stuff; and between the hard Sima and the liquid Sima there is a layer where crystallization is done. Crystallization implies a change of volume. So there is a pressure building and that makes the Crust cracks. Let's imagine a balloon. Put some air then put layers of paint; continue to put air; while the balloon will inflate, the layers if something will crack and there will be no subduction. Same thing for planet Earth; while continents are of a fixed quantity, the sub layer, that is the Sima, will continue to expand.

Now Photosynthesis! The crystallization is done because the planet is losing heat to the Cosmos. Photosynthesis output is all exothermic. When photosynthesis failed to produce new molecules there is less heat to give to the Cosmos, so the Cosmos will take the heat in the Core and the Mantle, hence an increasing of the volume of the Sima. Hence more seismic activity and tornadoes and stronger hurricanes.

I think with that written I oblige the reset of Geography. Do you?